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THE ELEMENTS

OF

BACTERIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE

A LABORATORY GUIDE FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, AND TECHNICAL STUDENTS

BY

J. W. H. EYRE, M.D., M.S., F.R.S. (Edin.)

Director of the Bacteriological Department of Guy's Hospital, London,and Lecturer on Bacteriology in the Medical and Dental Schools; formerlyLecturer on Bacteriology at Charing Cross Hospital Medical School, andBacteriologist to Charing Cross Hospital; sometime Hunterian Professor,Royal College of Surgeons, England

SECOND EDITION REWRITTEN AND ENLARGED

PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON
W. B. SAUNDERS COMPANY
1913

Copyright, 1902, by W. B. Saunders and Company Revised, entirely
reset, reprinted, and recopyrighted July, 1913

Copyright, 1913, by W. B. Saunders Company

Registered at Stationers' Hall, London, England

PRINTED IN AMERICA

PRESS OF
W. B. SAUNDERS COMPANY
PHILADELPHIA

TO THE MEMORY OF

JOHN WICHENFORD WASHBOURN, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.C.P.

Physician to Guy's Hospital and Lecturer on Bacteriology in the
Medical School, and Physician to the London Fever Hospital

MY TEACHER, FRIEND, AND CO-WORKER

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

Bacteriology is essentially a practical study, and even the elements ofits technique can only be taught by personal instruction in thelaboratory. This is a self-evident proposition that needs no emphasis,yet I venture to believe that the former collection of tried and provedmethods has already been of some utility, not only to the student in theabsence of his teacher, but also to isolated workers in laboratories farremoved from centres of instruction, reminding them of forgotten detailsin methods already acquired. If this assumption is based on fact nofurther apology is needed for the present revised edition in which thechanges are chiefly in the nature of additions—rendered necessary bythe introduction of new methods during recent years.

I take this opportunity of expressing my deep sense of obligation to myconfrère in the Physiological Department of our medical school—Mr. J.H. Ryffel, B. C., B. Sc.—who has revised those pages dealing with theanalysis of the metabolic products of bacterial life; to successivecolleagues in the Bacteriological Department of Guy's Hospital, fortheir ready co-operation in working out or in testing new methods; andfinally to my Chief Laboratory Assistant, Mr. J. C. Turner whoseassistance and experience have been of the utmost value to me in thepreparation of this volume. I have also to thank Mrs. Constant Ponderfor many of the new line drawings and for redrawing a number of theoriginal cuts.

John W. H. Eyre.

Guy's Hospital, S. E.
July, 1913.

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION

In the following pages I have endeavoured to arrange briefly andconcisely the various methods at present in use for the study ofbacteria, and the elucidation of such points in their life-histories asare d

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