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American Statesmen

EDITED BY

JOHN T. MORSE, JR.

American Statesmen

DANIEL WEBSTER

BY

HENRY CABOT LODGE

BOSTON AND NEW YORK

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY

The Riverside Press Cambridge

1883 AND 1911, BY HENRY CABOT LODGE

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH

CHAPTER II.

LAW AND POLITICS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE

CHAPTER III.

THE DARTMOUTH COLLEGE CASE.—MR. WEBSTER AS A LAWYER

CHAPTER IV.

THE MASSACHUSETTS CONVENTION AND THE PLYMOUTH ORATION

CHAPTER V.

RETURN TO CONGRESS

CHAPTER VI.

THE TARIFF OF 1828 AND THE REPLY TO HAYNE

CHAPTER VII.

THE STRUGGLE WITH JACKSON AND THE RISE OF THE WHIG PARTY

CHAPTER VIII.

SECRETARY OF STATE.—THE ASHBURTON TREATY

CHAPTER IX.

RETURN TO THE SENATE.—THE SEVENTH OF MARCH SPEECH

CHAPTER X.

THE LAST YEARS

DANIEL WEBSTER.

[NOTE.—In preparing this volume I have carefully examined all theliterature contemporary and posthumous relating to Mr. Webster. I have notgone beyond the printed material, of which there is a vast mass, much of itof no value, but which contains all and more than is needed to obtain acorrect understanding of the man and of his public and private life. No onecan pretend to write a life of Webster without following in large measurethe narrative of events as given in the elaborate, careful, and scholarlybiography which we owe to Mr. George T. Curtis. In many of my conclusions Ihave differed widely from those of Mr. Curtis, but I desire at the outsetto acknowledge fully my obligations to him. I have sought information inall directions, and have obtained some fresh material, and, as I believe,have thrown a new light upon certain points, but this does not in the leastdiminish the debt which I owe to the ample biography of Mr. Curtis inregard to the details as well as the general outline of Mr. Webster'spublic and private life.]

CHAPTER I.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH.

No sooner was the stout Puritan Commonwealth of Massachusetts firmlyplanted than it began rapidly to throw out branches in all directions. Withevery succeeding year the long, thin, sinuous line of settlements stretchedfarther and farther away to the northeast, fringing the wild shores of theAtlantic with houses and farms gathered together at the mouths or on thebanks of the rivers, and with the homes of hardy fishermen which clusteredin little groups beneath the shelter of the rocky headlands. The extensionof

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