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GERMAN
WAR PRACTICES

PART I
TREATMENT OF CIVILIANS

EDITED BY
DANA C. MUNRO
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY

GEORGE C. SELLERY    and      AUGUST C. KREY
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN      UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

ISSUED BY
THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION
THE SECRETARY OF STATE
THE SECRETARY OF WAR
THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
GEORGE CREEL

November 15, 1917

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[Pg 5]

INTRODUCTION.

For many years leaders in every civilized nation have been trying tomake warfare less brutal. The great landmarks in this movement are theGeneva and Hague Conventions. The former made rules as to the careof the sick and wounded and established the Red Cross. At the firstmeeting at Geneva, in 1864, it was agreed, and until the present warit has been taken for granted, that the wounded, and the doctors andnurses who cared for them, would be safe from all attacks by the enemy.The Hague Conventions, drawn up in 1899 and 1907, made additional rulesto soften the usages of war and especially to protect noncombatantsand conquered lands. Germany took a prominent part in these meetingsand with the other nations solemnly pledged her faith to keep all therules except one article in the Hague Regulations. This was article44, which forbade the conqueror to force any of the conquered to giveinformation. All the other rules and regulations she accepted in themost binding manner.

But Germany's military leaders had no intention of keeping these solemnpromises. They had been trained along different lines. Their leadinggenerals for many years had been urging a policy of frightfulness. Inthe middle of the nineteenth century von Claus

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