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Contents. Index List of Maps (In certain versions of this etext [in certain browsers]clicking on the map’s image will bring up a larger version.) Chronological Tables Bibliography (etext transcriber's note)

THE FOUNDATION OF THE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE

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THE FOUNDATION
OF
THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

A HISTORY OF THE OSMANLIS UP TO THE DEATH OF BAYEZID I
(1300-1403)

BY

HERBERT ADAMS GIBBONS, Ph.D.
SOMETIME FELLOW OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY


NEW YORK
THE CENTURY CO.
1916

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PREFACE

Four years of residence in the Ottoman Empire, chiefly inConstantinople, during the most disastrous period of its decline, haveled me to investigate its origin. This book is written because I feelthat the result of my research brings a new point of view to the studentof the twentieth-century problems of the Near East, as well as to thosewho are interested in fourteenth-century Europe. If we study the past,it is to understand the present and to prepare for the future.

I plead guilty to many footnotes. Much of my text is controversial incharacter, and the subject-matter is so little known that the generalreader would hardly be able to form judgements without a constant—but Itrust not wearisome—reference to authorities.

The risk that I run of incurring criticism from Oriental philologists onthe ground of nomenclature is very great. I ask their indulgence. Willthey not take into consideration the fact that there is no acceptedstandard among English-speaking scholars for the transliteration ofTurkish and Slavic names? Wherever possible, I have adopted the spellingin general usage in the Near East, and in English standard lexicons andencyclopaedias. When a general usage cannot be determined, I havefrequently been at a loss.

There was the effort to be as consistent in spelling as sources andauthorities would permit. But where{6} consistency was lacking inoriginals, a consistent tran

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