HISTORY OF GREECE
BY
GEORGE GROTE, Esq.
VOL. IX.
REPRINTED FROM THE LONDON EDITION.
NEW YORK:
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS,
329 AND 331 PEARL STREET.
1880.
CHAPTER LXIX.
CYRUS THE YOUNGER AND THE TEN THOUSAND GREEKS.
Spartan empire. — March of the Ten Thousand Greeks.— Persian kings — Xerxes — Artaxerxes Longimanus. — Darius Nothus.— Cyrus the younger in Ionia — his vigorous operations againstAthens. — Youth and education of Cyrus. — His esteem for the Greeks— his hopes of the crown. — Death of Darius Nothus — succession ofArtaxerxes Mnemon. — Secret preparations of Cyrus for attackinghis brother. — Klearchus and other Greeks in the service of Cyrus.— Strict administration, and prudent behavior, of Cyrus. — Cyruscollects his army at Sardis. — The Ten Thousand Greeks — theirposition and circumstances. — Xenophon. — How Xenophon came to jointhe Cyreian army. — Cyrus marches from Sardis — Kolossæ — Kelænæ.— Peltæ — Keramôn-Agora, Käystru-Pedion. — Distress of Cyrus formoney — Epyaxa supplies him. — Thymbrium. — Tyriæum — Review of theGreeks by Cyrus. — Ikonium — Lykaonia — Tyana. — Pass over Taurusinto Kilikia. — Syennesis of Kilikia — his duplicity — he assistsCyrus with money. — Cyrus at Tarsus — mutiny of the Greeks — theirrefusal to go farther. — Klearchus tries to suppress the mutinyby severity — he fails. — He tries persuasion — his discourse tothe soldiers. — His refusal to march farther — well received. —Deceitful manœuvres of Klearchus to bring the soldiers round toCyrus. — The soldiers agree to accompany Cyrus farther — increase ofpay. — March onward — from Tarsus to Issus. — Flight of Abrokomas —abandonment of the passes. — Gates of Kilikia and Syria. — Desertionof Xenias and Pasion — prudence of Cyrus. — Cyrus marches from thesea to Thapsakus on the Euphrates. — Partial reluctance of thearmy — they ford the Euphrates. — Separate manœuvre of Menon. —Abrokomas abandons the defence of the river — his double dealing.— Cyrus marches along the left bank of the Euphrates — the Desert— privations of the army. — Pylæ — Charmandê — dangerous disputebetween the soldiers of Klearchus and those of Menon. — Entry intoBabylonia — treason of Orontes — preparation for battle. — Discourseof Cyrus to his officers and soldiers. — Conception formed byCyrus of Grecian superiority. — Present[p. iv] of Cyrus to the prophet Silanus. —Cyrus passes the undefended trench — Kunaxa — sudden appearance ofthe king’s army — preparation of Cyrus for battle. — Last ordersof Cyrus. — Battle of Kunaxa — easy victory of the Greeks on theirside. — Impetuous attack of Cyrus upon his brother — Cyrus is slain.— Flight of Ariæus and the Asiatic force of Cyrus. — Plunder of theCyreian camp by Artaxerxes. Victorious attitude of the Greeks. —Character of Cyrus. — If Cyrus had succeeded, he